Microstrip Details
A transmission line is a medium whereby RF energy is transferred from one
place to another with minimal loss. This is a critical factor, especially in
high-frequency products like Linx RF modules, because the trace lead-
ing to the module’s antenna can effectively contribute to the length of the
antenna, changing its resonant bandwidth. In order to minimize loss and
detuning, some form of transmission line between the antenna and the
module should be used, unless the antenna can be placed very close
(< 1 ? 8 in) to the module. One common form of transmission line is a coax
cable; another is the microstrip. This term refers to a PCB trace run-
ning over a ground plane that is designed to serve as a transmission line
between the module and the antenna. The width is based on the desired
characteristic impedance of the line, the thickness of the PCB, and the
dielectric constant of the board material. For standard 0.062" thick FR-4
board material, the trace width would be 111 mils. The correct trace width
can be calculated for other widths and materials using the information
below. Handy software for calculating microstrip lines is also available on
the Linx website, www.linxtechnologies.com.
Trace
Board
Ground plane
Figure 26: Microstrip Formulas
Example Microstrip Calculations
Dielectric Constant
4.80
4.00
2.55
Width/Height
Ratio (W/d)
1.8
2.0
3.0
Effective Dielectric
Constant
3.59
3.07
2.12
Characteristic
Impedance ( Ω )
50.0
51.0
48.0
Figure 27: Example Microstrip Calculations
– 23 –
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